Keloid Treatment & Removal
Keloids are raised and irregular overgrowths of scar tissue that develop at the site of a wound, injury, or surgical incision. Unlike normal scars, they grow beyond the original boundary of the injury and can appear firm, thick, and elevated above the skin’s surface.
These scars may be red, pink, brown, or darker than the surrounding skin, and are more commonly seen in individuals with darker skin tones. While keloids are harmless, many people find them cosmetically bothersome due to their noticeable appearance.
Treatment options include steroid injections, surgical removal, laser therapy, and pressure dressings, but keloids can be difficult to manage and may return even after treatment. Although not dangerous, they often require long-term care to improve their appearance and reduce discomfort.
Keloids Overview
Keloids are raised, thickened, and irregular overgrowths of scar tissue that develop at the site of a wound, surgical incision, or injury. These abnormal scars extend beyond the original injury and may be cosmetically bothersome or cause discomfort. They form due to excessive collagen production during the healing process and can vary in size, shape, and color.
Causes
Genetics: Individuals with a family history of keloids are more prone to developing them.
Injury or Surgery: Skin injuries—such as cuts, burns, acne, piercings, or surgical wounds—can trigger keloid formation.
Ethnicity: More common in people with darker skin tones, including African, Asian, and Hispanic individuals.
Hormonal Changes: Shifts during puberty or pregnancy can increase the likelihood of keloid formation.
Characteristics
Keloids typically appear:
Raised above the skin’s surface
Firm or rubbery in texture
Discolored, ranging from pink or red to brown or darker than surrounding skin
Larger than the original injury, extending beyond the initial wound area
Treatment Options
Steroid Injections: Reduce inflammation and help flatten keloids.
Surgical Removal: Removes the scar but may require combination therapy to prevent recurrence.
Laser Therapy: Helps reduce thickness and discoloration.
Silicone Gel/Sheets: Used to flatten and soften the scar over time.
Cryotherapy: Freezes and shrinks the keloid.
Radiation Therapy: Sometimes used after surgical removal to prevent regrowth.
Pressure Dressings: Applies constant pressure to minimize scar size.
Interferon Therapy: Helps reduce keloid size and symptoms in select cases.
Prevention
Preventing keloids can be difficult, especially for individuals prone to them. Proper wound care, avoiding unnecessary skin trauma, and using silicone gels or sheets on fresh incisions can help lower the risk. While keloids are harmless, they can affect appearance and confidence.
Consultation
If a keloid is causing discomfort or cosmetic concern, a dermatologist or plastic surgeon can assess your condition and recommend the most effective treatment based on your skin type and scar characteristics.
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